DESCRIPTION
id: 809202c6-cd33-4192-a5b2-5e502420398c
displayName: DESCRIPTION SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34089-3
Potassium Chloride Oral Solution USP 20% Sugar Free Each 15 mL (tablespoonful) contains 40 mEq of potassium chloride (provided by potassium chloride 3 g),in a palatable cherry flavored, sugar free vehicle and less than 0.3% alcohol contributed by flavoring.
Inactive Ingredients: citric acid anhydrous, D&C Red# 33, FD&C red# 40, glycerin, purified water, sodium benzoate, sodium saccharin, sorbitol solution, wild cherry flavor.
Potassium chloride oral solution 20% is an electrolyte replenisher. The chemical name is potassium chloride and the structural name is KCl. Potassium chloride, USP occurs as a white granular powder or as odorless crystals. It is odorless and has a saline taste. Its solutions are neutral to litmus. It is freely soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
id: 37ec4b66-b990-452a-ab43-941490a3bb68
displayName: CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34090-1
The potassium ion is the principle intercellular cation of most body tissue. Potassium ions participate in a number of essential physiological processes including the maintenance of intercellular tonicity, the transmission of nerve impulses, the contraction of cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle and the maintenance of normal renal function.
The intracellular concentration of potassium is approximately 150 to 160 mEq per liter. The normal adult plasma concentration is 3.5 to 5 Eq per liter. An active ion transport system maintains this gradient across the plasma membrane.
Potassium is a normal dietary constituent and under steady state conditions the amount of potassium absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract is equal to the amount excreted in the urine. The usual dietary intake of potassium is 50 to 100 mEq per day.
Potassium depletion will occur whenever the potassium loss through renal excretion and/or loss from the gastrointestinal tract exceeds the rate of potassium intake. Such depletions usually develop as a consequence of therapy with diuretics, primary or secondary hyperaldosteronism, diabetic ketoacidosis, or inadequate replacement of potassium or patients on prolonged parenteral nutrition. Depletion can develop rapidly with severe diarrhea, especially if associated with vomiting. Potassium depletion due to these causes is usually accompanied by a concomitant loss of chloride and is manifested by hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. Potassium depletion may produce weakness, fatigue, disturbances of cardiac rhythm, (primarily ectopic beats), prominent U-waves in the electrocardiogram, and, in advanced cases, flaccid paralysis and/or impaired ability to concentrate urine.
If potassium depletion associated with metabolic alkalosis cannot be managed by correcting the fundamental cause of the deficiency, e.g., where the patient requires long term diuretic therapy, supplemental potassium in the form of high potassium food or potassium chloride may be able to restore normal potassium levels.
In rare circumstances, (e.g., patients with renal tubular acidosis) potassium depletion may be associated with metabolic acidosis and hyperchloremia. In such patients, potassium replacement should be accomplished with potassium salts other than chloride, such as potassium bicarbonate, potassium citrate, potassium acetate, or potassium gluconate.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
id: 43294e2d-2d18-49f4-a42e-a19dc33f3b9a
displayName: INDICATIONS & USAGE SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34067-9
- For the treatment of patients with hypokalemia, with or without metabolic alkalosis; in digitalis intoxication; and in patients with hypokalemic familial periodic paralysis. If hypokalemia is the result of diuretic therapy, consideration should be given to the use of the lower dose of a diuretic, which may be sufficient without leading to hypokalemia.
- For the prevention of hypokalemia in patients who would be at particular risk if hyperkalemia were to develop e.g., digitalized patients or patients with significant cardiac arrhythmias.
The use of potassium salts in patients receiving diuretics for uncomplicated essential hypertension is often unnecessary when such patients have a normal dietary pattern and when low doses of the diuretic are used. Serum potassium should be checked periodically, however, and if hypokalemia occurs, dietary supplementation with potassium-containing foods may be adequate to control milder cases. In more severe cases, and if dose adjustment of the diuretic is ineffective or unwarranted supplementation with potassium salts may be indicated.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
id: b99a969b-6957-45e6-bf38-e8d4e33de48b
displayName: CONTRAINDICATIONS SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34070-3
Potassium supplements are contraindicated in patients with hyperkalemia since further increase in serum potassium concentration in such patients can produce cardiac arrest. Hyperkalemia may complicate any of the following conditions: chronic renal failure, systemic acidosis such as diabetic acidosis, acute dehydration, extensive tissue breakdown as in severe burns, adrenal insufficiency, or administration of a potassium-sparing diuretic (e.g., spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride) (see
OVERDOSAGE
)
WARNINGS
id: 861279a4-2d5d-4c37-866d-887587e0f949
displayName: WARNINGS SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34071-1
DO NOT ADMINISTER FULL STRENGTH. SOLUTION MAY CAUSE GASTROINTESTINAL IRRITATION IF ADMINISTERED UNDILUTED. FOR DETAILS REGARDING ADEQUATE DILUTION, SEE DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
id: 7ae08003-bb84-49b6-9afd-b997fed7856b
displayName: ADVERSE REACTIONS SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34084-4
One of the most severe adverse effects is hyperkalemia. (see
CONTRAINDICATIONS, WARNINGS, and
OVERDOSAGE). There also have been reports of upper and lower gastrointestinal conditions including obstruction, bleeding, ulceration, and perforation (see
CONTRAINDICATIONS
and
WARNINGS).
To report Adverse Drug Events call (866) 562-4597 or (800) FDA-1088.
The most common adverse reactions to the potassium salts are nausea, vomiting, flatulence, abdominal pain/discomfort, and diarrhea. These symptoms are due to irritation to the gastrointestinal tract and are best managed by diluting the preparation further, taking the dose with meals, or reducing the amount taken at one time.
OVERDOSAGE
id: 9eec9205-6e96-4a59-8fd0-5f5ddaf93103
displayName: OVERDOSAGE SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34088-5
The administration of oral potassium salts to persons with normal excretory mechanisms for potassium rarely causes serious hyperkalemia. However, if excretory mechanisms are impaired, or if potassium is administered too rapidly intravenously, potentially fatal hyperkalemia can result (see
CONTRAINDICATIONS
and
WARNINGS). It is important to recognize that hyperkalemia is usually asymptomatic and may be manifested only by an increased serum potassium concentration (6.5-8.0 mEq/L) and characteristic electrocardiographic changes (peeking of T-waves, loss of P-wave, depression of S-T segment and prolongation of the QT interval). Late manifestations include paralysis and cardiovascular collapse for cardiac arrest (9-12 mEq/L).
Treatment measures for hyperkalemia include the following:
- Elimination of foods and medications containing potassium and of any agents with potassium sparing properties;
- Intravenous administration of 300 to 500 mL/hr of 10% dextrose solution containing 10-20 units of crystalline insulin per 1,000 mL.
- Correction of acidosis, if present, with intravenous sodium bicarbonate;
- Use of exchange resins, hemodialysis, or peritoneal dialysis.
In treating hyperkalemia, it should be recalled that in patients who have been stabilized on digitalis, too rapid lowering of the serum potassium concentration can produce digitalis toxicity.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
id: dcbadb03-d9df-42d2-9e04-3c5a34409233
displayName: DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34068-7
The usual dietary potassium intake by the average adult is 50 to 100 mEq per day. Potassium depletion sufficient to cause hypokalemia usually requires the loss of 200 or more mEq of potassium from the total body store. Dosage must be adjusted to the individual needs of each patient. The dose for the prevention of hypokalemia is typically in the range of 20 mEq per day. Doses of 40-100 mEq per day or more are used for the treatment of potassium depletion.
HOW SUPPLIED
id: 9dbe5914-3949-46c6-8679-a275ea431883
displayName: HOW SUPPLIED SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34069-5
In pint bottles.
Potassium Chloride Oral Solution, USP 20% (473 mL) – 16571-304-16
Dispense in a tight, light resistant container as defined in the USP/NF.
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL – 473 mL Bottle Label
id: 3a7fb41d-d7c2-4545-927e-7a9ea6816674
displayName: PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
FDA Article Code: 51945-4
NDC 16571-304-16
Potassium
Chloride
Oral Solution,
USP 20%
Cherry Flavored
Sugar Free
Rx only
40 mEq. Potassium per 15 mL
Replacement therapy for
POTASSIUM-Deficiency States
To be used for
oral administration only.
TAMPER-EVIDENT: Do not use this
product if inner foil seal over the
mouth of the bottle is cut, torn,
broken or missing.
Distributed by:
PACK™
Pharmaceuticals
PACK Pharmaceuticals, LLC
Buffalo Grove, IL 60089
LOT / EXP
ONE PINT (473 mL)
