
Prescription Drug Name:
FOLIC ACID TABLETS, USP
ID:
0258c538-7511-4143-ab1a-f6446dde8c9b
Code:
34391-3
DESCRIPTION
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displayName: DESCRIPTION SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34089-3
Folic acid occurs as a yellow or yellowish-orange crystalline powder and is very slightly soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Folic acid is readily soluble in dilute solutions of alkali hydroxides and carbonates and solutions of the drug may be prepared with the aid of sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, thereby forming the soluble sodium salt of folic acid (sodium folate). Aqueous solutions of folic acid are heat sensitive and rapidly decompose in
the presence of light and/or riboflavin; solutions should be stored in a cool place protected from light.
corn starch, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate and stearic acid.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
id: bc494f8e-9979-49f4-b781-4af5bbabf69e
displayName: CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34090-1
Folic acid is a precursor of tetrahydrofolic acid, which is involved as a cofactor for transformylation reactions in the biosynthesis of
purines and thymidylates of nucleic acids. Impairment of thymidylate synthesis in patients with folic acid deficiency is thought to account
for the defective deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis that leads to megaloblast formation and megaloblastic and macrocytic anemias.
folates are reduced enzymatically to folic acid in the gastrointestinal tract prior to absorption. Folic acid appears in the plasma approximately
15 to 30 minutes after an oral dose; peak levels are generally reached within 1 hour. After intravenous administration, the drug is rapidly cleared
from the plasma. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of folic acid are several times greater than serum levels of the drug. Folic acid is metabolized in the liver
to 7,8-dihydrofolic acid and eventually to 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid with the aid of reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPNH) and folate reductases.
Tetrahydrofolic acid is linked in the N5 or N10 positions with formyl, hydroxymethyl, methyl, or formimino groups. N5-formyl tetrahydrofolic acid is leucovorin.
Tetrahydrofolic acid derivatives are distributed to all body tissues but are stored primarily in the liver. Normal serum levels of total folate have been reported to
be 5 to 15 ng/mL; normal cerebrospinal fluid levels are approximately 16 to 21 ng/mL. Normal erythrocyte folate levels have been reported to range from 175 to 316 ng/mL.
In general, folate serum levels below 5 ng/mL indicate folate deficiency, and levels below 2 ng/mL usually result in megaloblastic anemia.
An oral dose of 5 mg in 1 study and a dose of 40 mcg/kg of body weight in another study resulted in approximately 50% of the dose appearing in the urine.
After a single oral dose of 15 mg, up to 90% of the dose was recovered in the urine. A majority of the metabolic products appeared in the urine after 6 hours;
excretion was generally complete within 24 hours. Small amounts of orally administered folic acid have also been recovered in feces. Folic acid is also
excreted in the milk of lactating mothers.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
id: 76468813-a7aa-4aa1-b51c-32c79323a7ae
displayName: INDICATIONS & USAGE SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34067-9
(as may be seen in tropical or nontropical sprue) and in anemias of nutritional origin, pregnancy, infancy, or childhood.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
id: db592198-2fab-4512-b32b-1d94d5886afa
displayName: CONTRAINDICATIONS SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34070-3
WARNINGS
id: fb22d4be-397a-4647-a6cd-86d0340ee849
displayName: WARNINGS SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34071-1
ADVERSE REACTIONS
id: 60efa111-d4d7-4297-b1ff-10a716f063f4
displayName: ADVERSE REACTIONS SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34084-4
and have included erythema, skin rash, itching, general malaise, and respiratory difficulty due to bronchospasm. One patient experienced
symptoms suggesting anaphylaxis following injection of the drug. Gastrointestinal side effects, including anorexia, nausea, abdominal
distention, flatulence, and a bitter or bad taste, have been reported in patients receiving 15 mg folic acid daily for 1 month.
Other side effects reported in patients receiving 15 mg daily include altered sleep patterns, difficulty in concentrating, irritability,
overactivity, excitement, mental depression, confusion, and impaired judgment. Decreased vitamin B12 serum levels may occur in patients receiving prolonged folic acid therapy.
epileptic patients receiving phenobarbital, primidone, or diphenylhydantoin. Another in-vestigator reported decreased diphenylhydantoin
serum levels in folate-deficient patients receiving diphenylhydantoin who were treated with 5 mg or 15 mg of folic acid daily.
OVERDOSAGE
id: a072501f-40d2-4d84-80ab-203634fe4ced
displayName: OVERDOSAGE SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34088-5
daily until pernicious anemia has been ruled out. Patients with pernicious anemia receiving more than 0.4 mg of folic acid
daily who are inadequately treated with vitamin B12 may show reversion of the hematologic parameters to normal,
but neurologic manifestations due to vitamin B12 deficiency will progress. Doses of folic acid exceeding the
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) should not be included in multivitamin preparations; if therapeutic amounts are necessary,
folic acid should be given separately.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
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displayName: DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34068-7
they are able to absorb folic acid given orally. Parenteral administration is not advocated but may be necessary in some
individuals (e.g., patients receiving parenteral or enteral alimentation). Doses greater than 0.1 mg should not be used
unless anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency has been ruled out or is being adequately treated with a cobalamin.
Daily doses greater than 1 mg do not enhance the hematologic effect, and most of the excess is excreted unchanged in the urine.
When clinical symptoms have subsided and the blood picture has become normal, a daily maintenance level should be used, i.e., 0.1 mg for infants
and up to 0.3 mg for children under 4 years of age, 0.4 mg for adults and children 4 or more years of age, and 0.8 mg for pregnant and lactating women,
but never less than 0.1 mg/day. Patients should be kept under close supervision and adjustment of the maintenance level made if relapse appears imminent.
HOW SUPPLIED
id: d98e6071-2305-44ff-9302-35a2593a6036
displayName: HOW SUPPLIED SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34069-5
Folic Acid 1mg Tablet
id: f53c2deb-f754-458e-b470-1201b3e01e44
displayName: PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
FDA Article Code: 51945-4