WARNING
id: c4e75e41-bb3f-4845-99e4-e1dcd9525007
displayName: BOXED WARNING SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34066-1
Fluoroquinolones, including ciprofloxacin, are associated with an increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture in all ages. This risk is further increased in older patients usually over 60 years of age, in patients taking corticosteroid drugs, and in patients with kidney, heart or lung transplants (See WARNINGS).
Fluoroquinolones, including ciprofloxacin, may exacerbate muscle weakness in persons with myasthenia gravis. Avoid ciprofloxacin in patients with known history of myasthenia gravis (See Warnings).
DESCRIPTION
id: ec9163a7-6658-4f69-951b-c06d96c764ba
displayName: DESCRIPTION SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34089-3
Ciprofloxacin Tablets, USP are a synthetic broad spectrum antimicrobial agent for oral administration. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, USP, a fluoroquinolone, is the monohydrochloride monohydrate salt of 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid. It is a faintly yellowish to light yellow crystalline substance with a empirical weight of 385.8. Its molecular formula is C17H18FN3O3•HCl•H2O and its chemical structure is as follows:
Ciprofloxacin film-coated tablets are available in 500 mg (ciprofloxacin equivalent) strength. Ciprofloxacin tablets are white to slightly yellowish. The inactive ingredients are colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch, hydrogenated vegetable oil, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyacrylate dispersion (methylacrylate and ethylacrylate copolymer), polyethylene glycol, purified water, simethicone emulsion, sodium starch glycolate, talc, and titanium dioxide.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
id: 79fe4fe3-8fa7-4b60-a021-c091b4eb470c
displayName: INDICATIONS & USAGE SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34067-9
Ciprofloxacin Tablets, USP are indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the conditions and patient populations listed below. Please see
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
for specific recommendations.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
id: 8afa9586-8677-4c62-8a52-607bac4ba605
displayName: CONTRAINDICATIONS SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34070-3
Ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in persons with a history of hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin, any member of the quinolone class of antimicrobial agents, or any of the product components (see Description).
Concomitant administration with tizanidine is contraindicated. (See
PRECAUTIONS: Drug Interactions
.)
OVERDOSAGE
id: 9437399d-fec2-4b0e-9ab5-95b9c23ab3d1
displayName: OVERDOSAGE SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34088-5
In the event of acute overdosage, reversible renal toxicity has been reported in some cases. The stomach should be emptied by inducing vomiting or by gastric lavage. The patient should be carefully observed and given supportive treatment, including monitoring of renal function and administration of magnesium, aluminum, or calcium containing antacids which can reduce the absorption of ciprofloxacin. Adequate hydration must be maintained. Only a small amount of ciprofloxacin (< 10%) is removed from the body after hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
Single doses of ciprofloxacin were relatively non-toxic via the oral route of administration in mice, rats, and dogs. No deaths occurred within a 14-day post treatment observation period at the highest oral doses tested; up to 5000 mg/kg in either rodent species, or up to 2500 mg/kg in the dog. Clinical signs observed included hypoactivity and cyanosis in both rodent species and severe vomiting in dogs. In rabbits, significant mortality was seen at doses of ciprofloxacin > 2500 mg/kg. Mortality was delayed in these animals, occurring 10-14 days after dosing.
In mice, rats, rabbits and dogs, significant toxicity including tonic/clonic convulsions was observed at intravenous doses of ciprofloxacin between 125 and 300 mg/kg.
HOW SUPPLIED
id: 1faf4792-342f-4936-85fe-605852a43871
displayName: HOW SUPPLIED SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34069-5
Ciprofloxacin Tablets, USP 500 mgare available as white, capsule shape, film-coated tablets containing 500 mg of ciprofloxacin. The 500 mg tablet is coded with “WW928” on one side. Ciprofloxacin Tablets, USP 500 mg are available in bottles of 100s and 500s.
Strength Tablet Identification
Bottles of 100’s: 500 mg WW928
Bottles of 500’s: 500 mg WW928
Store at 20-25°C (68-77°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature].
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP using a child-resistant closure.
ANIMAL PHARMACOLOGY
id: 674e04c2-33b6-4d0b-aaa1-fc4ef7bfb706
displayName: ANIMAL PHARMACOLOGY & OR TOXICOLOGY SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34091-9
Ciprofloxacin and other quinolones have been shown to cause arthropathy in immature animals of most species tested. (See
WARNINGS
.) Damage of weight bearing joints was observed in juvenile dogs and rats. In young beagles, 100 mg/kg ciprofloxacin, given daily for 4 weeks, caused degenerative articular changes of the knee joint. At 30 mg/kg, the effect on the joint was minimal. In a subsequent study in young beagle dogs, oral ciprofloxacin doses of 30 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg ciprofloxacin (approximately 1.3- and 3.5-times the pediatric dose based upon comparative plasma AUCs) given daily for 2 weeks caused articular changes which were still observed by histopathology after a treatment-free period of 5 months. At 10 mg/kg (approximately 0.6-times the pediatric dose based upon comparative plasma AUCs), no effects on joints were observed. This dose was also not associated with arthrotoxicity after an additional treatment-free period of 5 months. In another study, removal of weight bearing from the joint reduced the lesions but did not totally prevent them.
Crystalluria, sometimes associated with secondary nephropathy, occurs in laboratory animals dosed with ciprofloxacin. This is primarily related to the reduced solubility of ciprofloxacin under alkaline conditions, which predominate in the urine of test animals; in man, crystalluria is rare since human urine is typically acidic. In rhesus monkeys, crystalluria without nephropathy was noted after single oral doses as low as 5 mg/kg. (approximately 0.07-times the highest recommended therapeutic dose based upon mg/m2). After 6 months of intravenous dosing at 10 mg/kg/day, no nephropathological changes were noted; however, nephropathy was observed after dosing at 20 mg/kg/day for the same duration (approximately 0.2-times the highest recommended therapeutic dose based upon mg/m2).
In dogs, ciprofloxacin at 3 and 10 mg/kg by rapid IV injection (15 sec.) produces pronounced hypotensive effects. These effects are considered to be related to histamine release, since they are partially antagonized by pyrilamine, an antihistamine. In rhesus monkeys, rapid IV injection also produces hypotension but the effect in this species is inconsistent and less pronounced. In mice, concomitant administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as phenylbutazone and indomethacin with quinolones has been reported to enhance the CNS stimulatory effect of quinolones.
Ocular toxicity seen with some related drugs has not been observed in ciprofloxacin-treated animals.
REFERENCES
id: 61ef3f2e-8c1c-4d20-8133-f0f0d66c9bed
displayName: REFERENCES SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34093-5
1. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard – Eighth Edition. CLSI Document M7-A8, Vol. 29, No. 2, CLSI, Wayne, PA, January, 2009.
2. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Tests; Approved Standard – Tenth Edition. CLSI Document M2-A10 Vol. 29, No. 1, CLSI, Wayne, PA, January, 2009.
3. Report presented at the FDA’s Anti-Infective Drug and Dermatological Drug Product’s Advisory Committee meeting, March 31, 1993, Silver Spring, MD. Report available from FDA, CDER, Advisors and Consultants Staff, HFD-21, 1901 Chapman Avenue, Room 200, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
4. 21 CFR 314.510 (Subpart H – Accelerated Approval of New Drugs for Life-Threatening Illnesses).
5. Kelly DJ, et al. Serum concentrations of penicillin, doxycycline, and ciprofloxacin during prolonged therapy in rhesus monkeys. J Infect Dis 1992; 166:1184-7.
6. Friedlander AM, et al. Postexposure prophylaxis against experimental inhalational anthrax. J Infect Dis 1993; 167:1239-42.
7. Friedman J, Polifka J. Teratogenic effects of drugs: a resource for clinicians (TERIS). Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000:149-195.
8. Loebstein R, Addis A, Ho E, et al. Pregnancy outcome following gestational exposure to fluoroquinolones: a multicenter prospective controlled study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998;42(6):1336-1339.
9. Schaefer C, Amoura-Elefant E, Vial T, et al. Pregnancy outcome after prenatal quinolone exposure. Evaluation of a case registry of the European network of teratology information services (ENTIS). Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1996;69:83-89.
MEDICATION GUIDE
id: 211a19db-5493-41b6-a796-c3ec3a40cd58
displayName: SPL MEDGUIDE SECTION
FDA Article Code: 42231-1
Ciprofloxacin Tablets, USP
Read the Medication Guide that comes with Ciprofloxacin Tablets before you start taking it and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This Medication Guide does not take the place of talking to your healthcare provider about your medical condition or your treatment.
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
id: 22146a58-eae8-4c16-b110-d7a384548380
displayName: PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
FDA Article Code: 51945-4
Ciprofloxacin Tablets, USP 500 mg
NDC 62034-016-77
