DESCRIPTION
id: 3389429d-7b2e-455f-bb83-820ebb7c3adb
displayName: DESCRIPTION SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34089-3
Ciprofloxacin Ophthalmic Solution, USP 0.3% is a synthetic, sterile, multiple dose, antimicrobial for topical use. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial active against a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative ocular pathogens. It is available as the monohydrochloride monohydrate salt of 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1, 4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1–piperazinyl)-3-quinoline-carboxylic acid. It is a faint to light yellow crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 385.8. Its empirical formula is C17H18FN3O3•HCl•H2O and its molecular formula is as follows:
Ciprofloxacin differs from other quinolones in that it has a fluorine atom at the 6-position, a piperazine moiety at the 7-position, and a cyclopropyl ring at the 1–position.
Each mL of Ciprofloxacin Ophthalmic Solution, USP 0.3% contains: Active: ciprofloxacin HCl 3.5 mg equivalent to 3 mg base. Preservative: benzalkonium chloride 0.006%. Inactives: sodium acetate, acetic acid, mannitol 4.6%, edetate disodium 0.05%, hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide (to adjust pH) and Water for Injection. The pH is approximately 4.5 and the osmolality is approximately 300 mOsm.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
id: a4b3b0c3-8a91-4571-878b-07308915439c
displayName: CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34090-1
Systemic Absorption: A systemic absorption study was performed in which Ciprofloxacin Ophthalmic Solution, USP 0.3% was administered in each eye every two hours while awake for two days followed by every four hours while awake for an additional 5 days. The maximum reported plasma concentration of ciprofloxacin was less than 5 ng/mL. The mean concentration was usually less than 2.5 ng/mL.
Microbiology: Ciprofloxacin has in vitro activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. The bactericidal action of ciprofloxacin results from interference with the enzyme DNA gyrase which is needed for the synthesis of bacterial DNA.
Ciprofloxacin has been shown to be active against most strains of the following organisms both in vitro and in clinical infections [See Indications and Usage section]:
Gram-Positive:
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Streptococcus
pneumoniae
Streptococcus (Viridans Group)
Gram-Negative:
Haemophilus
influenzae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Serratia marcescens
Ciprofloxacin has been shown to be active in vitro against most strains of the following organisms, however, the clinical significance of these data is unknown:
Gram-Positive:
Enterococcus faecalis (Many strains are only moderately susceptible)
Staphylococcus haemolyticus
Staphylococcus hominis
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Streptococcus pyogenes
|
Gram-Negative:
A
cinetobacter calcoaceticus
subsp. anitratus
Aeromonas caviae
Aeromonas hydrophila
Brucella melitensis
Campylobacter coli
Campylobacter jejuni
Citrobacter diversus
Citrobacter freundii
Edwardsiella tarda
Enterobacter aerogenes
Enterobacter cloacae
|
Escherichia coli
Haemophilus duc
reyi
Haemophilus parainfluenzae
Klebsiella pneumonia
Klebsiella oxytoca
Legionella pneumophila
Moraxella (Branhamella
)
catarrhalis
Morganella morganii
Neisseria gonorrho
eae
Neisseria meningitidi
s
Pasteurella multocida
|
Proteus mirabilis
Proteus vulgaris
Providencia rettgeri
Providencia stuartii
Salmonella enteritidis
Salmonella typhi
Shigella sonneii
Shigella flexneri
Vibrio chole
rae
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Vibrio vulnificus
Yersinia
enterocolitica
|
Other Organisms: Chlamydia trachomatis (only moderately susceptible) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (only moderately susceptible).
Most strains of Pseudomonas cepacia and some strains of Pseudomonas maltophilia are resistant to ciprofloxacin as are most anaerobic bacteria, including Bacteriodes fragilis and Clostridium difficile.
The minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) generally does not exceed the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) by more than a factor of 2. Resistance to ciprofloxacin in vitro usually develops slowly (multiple-step mutation).
Ciprofloxacin does not cross-react with other antimicrobial agents such as beta-lactams or aminoglycosides; therefore, organisms resistant to these drugs may be susceptible to ciprofloxacin.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
id: 27387507-a24b-44c4-a4c8-cbd80c9e715d
displayName: INDICATIONS & USAGE SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34067-9
Ciprofloxacin Ophthalmic Solution, USP 0.3% is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the conditions listed below:
Corneal Ulcers:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Serratia marcescens
*
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Streptococcus
pneumoniae
Streptococcus (Viridans Group)*
Conjunctivitis:
Haemophilus
influenza
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
*Efficacy for this organism was studied in fewer than 10 infections.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
id: 511ea8ab-9220-46cd-84af-a0e355bdbb09
displayName: CONTRAINDICATIONS SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34070-3
A history of hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or any other component of the medication is a contraindication to its use. A history of hypersensitivity to other quinolones may also contraindicate the use of ciprofloxacin.
WARNINGS
id: 10f04252-dd82-475a-9602-7540344e859d
displayName: WARNINGS SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34071-1
NOT FOR INJECTION INTO THE EYE.
Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reactions, some following the first dose, have been reported in patients receiving systemic quinolone therapy. Some reactions were accompanied by cardiovascular collapse, loss of consciousness, tingling, pharyngeal or facial edema, dyspnea, urticaria, and itching. Only a few patients had a history of hypersensitivity reactions. Serious anaphylactic reactions require immediate emergency treatment with epinephrine and other resuscitation measures, including oxygen, intravenous fluids, intravenous antihistamines, corticosteroids, pressor amines and airway management, as clinically indicated.
Remove contact lenses before using.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
id: ea1bc351-de47-41a3-a6cb-cbbf7a1173d2
displayName: ADVERSE REACTIONS SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34084-4
The most frequently reported drug related adverse reaction was local burning or discomfort. In corneal ulcer studies with frequent administration of the drug, white crystalline precipitates were seen in approximately 17% of patients [
see
Precautions
]. Other reactions occurring in less than 10% of patients included lid margin crusting, crystals/scales, foreign body sensation, itching, conjunctival hyperemia and a bad taste following instillation. Additional events occurring in less than 1% of patients included corneal staining, keratopathy/keratitis, allergic reactions, lid edema, tearing, photophobia, corneal infiltrates, nausea and decreased vision.
TO REPORT SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Altaire Pharmaceuticals, Inc., at 1-800-258-2471 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
OVERDOSAGE
id: c8b5c026-5efe-4a29-9ced-65de58d99513
displayName: OVERDOSAGE SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34088-5
A topical overdoes of Ciprofloxacin Ophthalmic Solution, USP 0.3% may be flushed from the eye(s) with warm tap water.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
id: bae436a3-f90b-4933-a69e-4da3d747b3af
displayName: DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34068-7
Corneal Ulcers: The recommended dosage regimen for the treatment of corneal ulcers is two drops into the affected eye every 15 minutes for the first six hours and then two drops into the affected eye every 30 minutes for the remainder of the first day. On the second day, instill two drops in the affected eye hourly. On the third through the fourteenth day, place two drops in the affected eye every four hours. Treatment may be continued after 14 days if corneal re-epithelialization has not occurred.
Bacterial Conjunctivitis: The recommended dosage regimen for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis is one or two drops instilled into the conjunctival sac(s) every two hours while awake for two days and one or two drops every four hours while awake for the next five days.
How Supplied: As a sterile ophthalmic solution the dispensing system consists of a natural low density polyethylene bottle with tip and a tan polypropylene cap. Tamper evidence is provided with a shrink band around the closure and neck area of the package.
Ciprofloxacin Ophthalmic Solution USP, 0.3% – each mL containing 3.5 mg ciprofloxacin hydrochloride equivalent to 3 mg ciprofloxacin is available in:
2.5 mL fill in 7.5cc bottles ….. NDC #59390-217-02
5 mL fill in 7.5cc bottles ….. NDC #59390-217-05
10 mL fill in 15cc bottles ….. NDC #59390-217-10
STORAGE:
id: 62123313-9c93-494c-bb8f-adc8078ce25d
displayName: STORAGE AND HANDLING SECTION
FDA Article Code: 44425-7
Store at 20° – 25°C (68°-77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Protect from light. Keep tightly closed.
ANIMAL PHARMACOLOGY
id: f0bc098e-89a9-4059-a96a-b0c9d64161f9
displayName: ANIMAL PHARMACOLOGY & OR TOXICOLOGY SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34091-9
Ciprofloxacin and related drugs have been shown to cause arthropathy in immature animals of most species tested following oral administration. However, a one-month topical ocular study using immature Beagle dogs did not demonstrate any articular lesions.
CLINICAL STUDIES:
id: 37f6ef2b-50cf-43ea-8abe-a66c69f2797e
displayName: CLINICAL STUDIES SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34092-7
Following therapy with Ciprofloxacin Ophthalmic Solution, USP 0.3%, 76% of the patients with corneal ulcers and positive bacterial cultures were clinically cured and complete re-epithelialization occurred in about 92% of the ulcers.
In 3 and 7 day multicenter clinical trials, 52% of the patients with conjunctivitis and positive conjunctival cultures were clinically cured and 70-80% had all causative pathogens eradicated by the end of treatment.
In a randomized, double-masked, multicenter, parallel-group clinical trial of pediatric patients with bacterial conjunctivitis, between birth and 31 days of age, patients were dosed with Ciloxan or another anti-infective agent. Clinical outcomes for the trial demonstrated a clinical cure rate of 80% at Day 9 and a microbiological eradication success rate of 85% at Day 9.
Please note that microbiologic eradication does not always correlate with clinical outcome in anti-infective trials.
Manufactured by:
[LOGO]ALTAIRE Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Aquebogue, NY 11931 USA
Printed in USA
[05/2018]
