DESCRIPTION
id: 00b017aa-13b4-4449-bdd9-174596431b2d
displayName: DESCRIPTION SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34089-3
Azithromycin tablets and azithromycin for oral suspension contain the active ingredient azithromycin, an azalide, a subclass of macrolide antibiotics, for oral administration. Azithromycin has the chemical name (2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)-13-[(2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-α-L–ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-2-ethyl-3,4,10-trihydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-11-[[3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-β-D–xylo-hexopyranosyl]oxy]-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one. Azithromycin is derived from erythromycin; however, it differs chemically from erythromycin in that a methyl-substituted nitrogen atom is incorporated into the lactone ring. Its molecular formula is C38H72N2O12, and its molecular weight is 749.0. Azithromycin has the following structural formula:
Azithromycin, as the dihydrate, is a white crystalline powder with a molecular formula of C38H72N2O12•2H2O and a molecular weight of 785.0.
Azithromycin tablets contain azithromycin dihydrate equivalent to 600 mg azithromycin. The tablets are supplied as white, modified oval-shaped, film-coated tablets. They also contain the following inactive ingredients: dibasic calcium phosphate anhydrous, pregelatinized starch, sodium croscarmellose, magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate and an aqueous film coat consisting of hypromellose, titanium dioxide, lactose and triacetin.
Azithromycin for oral suspension is supplied in a single dose packet containing azithromycin dihydrate equivalent to 1 g azithromycin. It also contains the following inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, sodium phosphate tribasic, anhydrous; spray dried artificial banana flavor, spray dried artificial cherry flavor, and sucrose.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
id: e1578d13-ec6a-4c7e-b52d-28f3e809f08b
displayName: INDICATIONS & USAGE SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34067-9
Azithromycin is indicated for the treatment of patients with mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the specific conditions listed below.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
id: cf97034f-0d4a-4bf7-af71-87f9a860d98a
displayName: CONTRAINDICATIONS SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34070-3
Azithromycin is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to azithromycin, erythromycin, any macrolide or ketolide antibiotic.
WARNINGS
id: b352e36a-fca7-4114-bcd8-264bc953ff83
displayName: WARNINGS SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34071-1
Serious allergic reactions, including angioedema, anaphylaxis, and dermatologic reactions including Stevens Johnson Syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis have been reported rarely in patients on azithromycin therapy. Although rare, fatalities have been reported (see
CONTRAINDICATIONS
). Despite initially successful symptomatic treatment of the allergic symptoms, when symptomatic therapy was discontinued, the allergic symptoms recurred soon thereafter in some patients without further azithromycin exposure. These patients required prolonged periods of observation and symptomatic treatment. The relationship of these episodes to the long tissue half-life of azithromycin and subsequent prolonged exposure to antigen is unknown at present.
If an allergic reaction occurs, the drug should be discontinued and appropriate therapy should be instituted. Physicians should be aware that reappearance of the allergic symptoms may occur when symptomatic therapy is discontinued.
Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including azithromycin, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C. difficile.
C. difficile produces toxins A and B which contribute to the development of CDAD. Hypertoxin producing strains of C. difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy. CDAD must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use. Careful medical history is necessary since CDAD has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents.
If CDAD is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against C. difficile may need to be discontinued. Appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of C. difficile, and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
id: f4bc2dec-c93f-4d1f-86b8-3e154e0d7626
displayName: ADVERSE REACTIONS SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34084-4
In clinical trials, most of the reported side effects were mild to moderate in severity and were reversible upon discontinuation of the drug. Approximately 0.7% of the patients from the multiple-dose clinical trials discontinued azithromycin therapy because of treatment-related side effects. Most of the side effects leading to discontinuation were related to the gastrointestinal tract, e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal pain. Rarely but potentially serious side effects were angioedema and cholestatic jaundice.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
id: 7c6f3150-0854-45c5-aaac-1d136dfb7305
displayName: DOSAGE & ADMINISTRATION SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34068-7
(See INDICATIONS AND USAGE.)
Azithromycin for oral suspension (single dose 1 g packet) can be taken with or without food after constitution. Not for pediatric use. For pediatric suspension, please refer to the INDICATIONS AND USAGE and DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION sections of the prescribing information for azithromycin for oral suspension 100 mg/5 mL and 200 mg/5 mL bottles.
Azithromycin tablets may be taken without regard to food. However, increased tolerability has been observed when tablets are taken with food.
The recommended dose of azithromycin for the treatment of non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis due to C. trachomatis is: a single 1 gram (1000 mg) dose of azithromycin. This dose can be administered as one single dose packet (1 g).
HOW SUPPLIED
id: 65c1bfc6-93aa-4339-a4c2-ca2e53150bd3
displayName: HOW SUPPLIED SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34069-5
Azithromycin 600 mg tablets (engraved on front with “G” and on back with “3080”) are supplied as white, modified oval-shaped, film-coated tablets containing azithromycin dihydrate equivalent to 600 mg azithromycin. These are packaged in bottles of 30 tablets. azithromycin tablets are supplied as follows:
Bottles of 30 NDC 59762-3080-1
Tablets should be stored at or below 30°C (86°F).
Azithromycin for oral suspension is supplied in single dose packets containing azithromycin dihydrate equivalent to 1 gram of azithromycin as follows:
Boxes of 10 Single Dose Packets (1 g) NDC 59762-3051-1
Boxes of 3 Single Dose Packets (1 g) NDC 59762-3051-2
Store single dose packets between 5° and 30°C (41° and 86°F).
CLINICAL STUDIES IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED HIV INFECTION FOR THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF DISEASE DUE TO DISSEMINATED MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX (MAC)
id: a4b98dec-2e69-405f-8904-888a15458e55
displayName: CLINICAL STUDIES SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34092-7
(See INDICATIONS AND USAGE)
ANIMAL TOXICOLOGY
id: 7e4a17f4-7ae4-49c1-82d8-cac8b92db9a6
displayName: ANIMAL PHARMACOLOGY & OR TOXICOLOGY SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34091-9
Phospholipidosis (intracellular phospholipid binding) has been observed in some tissues of mice, rats, and dogs given multiple doses of azithromycin. It has been demonstrated in numerous organ systems (e.g., eye, dorsal root ganglia, liver, gallbladder, kidney, spleen, and pancreas) in dogs administered doses which, based on pharmacokinetics, are as low as 2 times greater than the recommended adult human dose and in rats at doses comparable to the recommended adult human dose. This effect has been reversible after cessation of azithromycin treatment. The significance of these findings for humans is unknown.
REFERENCES
id: 39957158-3e20-4d18-92cf-4a8c2d84b356
displayName: REFERENCES SECTION
FDA Article Code: 34093-5
- National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria that Grow Aerobically–Third Edition. Approved Standard NCCLS Document M7-A3, Vol. 13, No. 25, NCCLS, Villanova, PA, December 1993.
- National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Tests–Fifth Edition. Approved Standard NCCLS Document M2-A5, Vol. 13, No. 24, NCCLS, Villanova, PA, December 1993.
- Dunne MW, Foulds G, Retsema JA. Rationale for the use of azithromycin as Mycobacterium avium chemoprophylaxis. American J Medicine 1997; 102(5C):37–49.
- Meier A, Kirshner P, Springer B, et al. Identification of mutations in 23S rRNA gene of clarithromycin-resistant Mycobacterium intracellulare. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1994;38:381–384.
- Methodology per Inderlied CB, et al. Determination of In Vitro Susceptibility of Mycobacterium avium Complex Isolates to Antimicrobial Agents by Various Methods. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1987; 31:1697–1702.
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
id: da8b047a-c3a6-4899-a712-aae698d5ea49
displayName: PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
FDA Article Code: 51945-4
NDC 68258-3051-01
azithromycin
for oral suspension
one gram*
single dose packet
contains
ONE DOSE REGIMEN
Rx only
