TMJ (temporal mandibular joint disorder)

TMJ or Temporomandibular joint and muscle disorders, is a group of conditions causing pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint and muscles that control the mouth's movement. Either one or both of the joints in the jaw may be affected, in turn affecting a person's ability to speak, chew, or swallow, adjust facial expressions, and sometimes even breathe. Three main categories classify TMJ disorders: myofascial pain, internal derangement, and arthritis. Myofascial pain is the most common, characterized by discomfort or pain in the jaw muscles. Internal derangement involves a displaced disc, dislocation of the jaw, or injury to the condyle (knuckle-like joint). TMJ disorders caused by arthritis involve degenerative or inflammatory joint disorders affecting the jaw. In some cases, these conditions can occur simultaneously. TMJ disorders may also exist as symptoms of broader, multi-system illnesses. Approximately 35 million Americans suffer from TMJ. Treatment most often includes self-care and prescription drugs. Invasive procedures such as surgery and orthodontics are discouraged.